In Sikhism, Daily Morning and Evening Diwaan (Congregation) refers to the practice of gathering for prayer, meditation, and devotional singing in a Gurudwara (Sikh temple) or other suitable places. These gatherings are integral to Sikh spirituality and serve as opportunities for the community to connect with the Divine and with one another.
What is a Diwaan?
The word Diwaan means a congregation or assembly where Sikhs gather for spiritual purposes. These sessions usually include prayers, hymns (Kirtan), scripture readings, and sermons.
Morning Diwaan:
- Timing:
- Typically begins early in the morning before sunrise, aligning with the Sikh principle of meditating on God’s name during the Amrit Vela (pre-dawn hours).
- Activities:
- Recitation of Nitnem Banis: Includes daily prayers like Japji Sahib, Jaap Sahib, and Tav Prasad Savaiye.
- Kirtan (Singing of Hymns): Devotional hymns from the Guru Granth Sahib, accompanied by musical instruments.
- Ardas (Prayer): A communal prayer seeking blessings for all and expressing gratitude.
- Hukamnama: A verse chosen randomly from the Guru Granth Sahib, providing spiritual guidance for the day.
- Significance:
- Fosters discipline, mindfulness, and a deeper connection to the Guru’s teachings.
- Prepares individuals to lead a spiritually enriched day.
Evening Diwaan:
- Timing:
- Usually takes place after sunset, often around 6–8 PM.
- Activities:
- Rehras Sahib: Evening prayer recited to express gratitude and seek strength to face challenges.
- Kirtan Sohila: A bedtime prayer for divine protection during the night.
- Kirtan and Kathaa: Singing of hymns and explanation of Sikh scriptures and history.
- Ardas and Hukamnama: The day ends with communal prayers and guidance from the Guru Granth Sahib.
- Significance:
- Offers spiritual closure to the day, allowing reflection on actions and reaffirmation of faith.
Community and Spiritual Importance:
- Sense of Unity: These gatherings strengthen the Sikh community by bringing people together in a shared spiritual experience.
- Guidance from Gurbani: Listening to and understanding Gurbani (scriptures) helps individuals align their lives with Sikh teachings.
- Seva (Selfless Service): Attendees often engage in Seva, such as preparing Langar, cleaning the Gurudwara, or assisting others.